Muna 1939, makore mana mushure mekugadzirwa kwenaironi naWallace Carothers, naironi yakaiswa kumasokisi esirika kekutanga sechinhu chitsva, icho chaitsvakwa nevarume nevasikana vasingaverengeki uye chakave chakakurumbira munyika.
Ichi chiitiko chakakosha apo indasitiri yemazuva ano yepolymer chemistry yakatanga kusimukira.Kubva kumasokisi esiriki kusvika kune zvipfeko, kune zvinodiwa zvezuva nezuva, kurongedza, midziyo yemumba, motokari, aerospace ... Nylon yakabata zvakanyanya uye yakashandura hupenyu hwevanhu.
Nhasi, nyika iri kuchinja zvikuru zvisati zvaonekwa muzana remakore.Russia-Ukraine kukakavara, dambudziko remagetsi, kudziya kwemamiriro ekunze, kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza ... Muchirevo chechinyorwa ichi, bio-based zvinhu zvakapinda mumhepo yekare.
* Zvigadzirwa zveBio-based zvakaunza budiriro inobudirira
Zvichienzaniswa neyakajairwa petroleum-based materials, bio-based materials inotorwa kubva kunzimbe, chibage, mashanga, zviyo, nezvimwewo, izvo zvine zvakanakira zvezve zvinogadziriswa mbishi uye zvakaderedzwa zvakanyanya kuburitsa kabhoni.Havangokwanisi kubatsira vanhu kuderedza kuvimba kwavo nezviwanikwa zvepetroleum, asiwo vanoita basa rakakosha mukuderedza dambudziko remagetsi pasi rose.
Kubatsira kwezvakatipoteredza kunoreva kukosha kwakakosha kwehupfumi.OECD inofanotaura kuti panosvika 2030, 25% yemakemikari ane organic uye 20% yefossil fuels ichatsiviwa nebio-based chemicals, uye kukosha kwebio-economic kunobva kune zvinogonekazve kuchasvika kumadhora bhiriyoni imwe chete.Bio-yakavakirwa zvinhu yave imwe yeanonyanya kupisa mafambiro epasi rose maindasitiri ekudyara uye tekinoroji innovation.
MuChina, ichitevera chinangwa che "double carbon", "Chirongwa cheMakore Matatu cheKusimudzira Innovation uye Kuvandudzwa kweZvisina-grain Bio-based Materials" chakapihwa nemakurukota matanhatu nemakomisheni mukutanga kwegore chichasimudzirawo. kuvandudzwa nekuvandudzwa kweiyo bio-based materials industry.Zvinogona kufanotaurwa kuti zvemukati bio-based zvinhu zvichaunzawo mukukura kuzere.
* Bio-yakavakirwa nylon zvinhu inova sampuli yekusimudzira yebio-based materia
Kubatsirwa kubva mukutariswa kweiyo yenyika strategic level, pamwe neakawanda mabhenefiti emitengo yakabikwa, chiyero chemusika, uye yakazara maindasitiri system rutsigiro, China yakatanga yamisa maitiro ekugadzira maindasitiri epolylactic acid uye polyamide, uye nekukurumidza kusimudzira kwakasiyana. zvebio-based materials.
Zvinoenderana nedata, muna 2021, huwandu hweChina hwekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvebio-based huchasvika mamirioni gumi nerimwe ematoni (kusingabatanidzi biofuel), inoverengera 31% yepasi rose, nekubuda kwematani 7 miriyoni uye kukosha kweinodarika. 150 bhiriyoni yuan.
Pakati pavo, kushanda kwebio-nylon zvinhu kunonyanya kukosha.Pasi pemamiriro e "double carbon" yenyika, akati wandei emakambani anotungamira epamba akatungamira mukurongeka kwebio-nylon munda, uye akaita budiriro mukutsvaga kwehunyanzvi uye chiyero chesimba.
Semuenzaniso, mumunda wekurongedza, vatengesi vepamba vakagadzira biaxial stretching polyamide film (bio-base content 20% ~ 40%), uye vakapasa TUV one-star certification, vachiva rimwe remabhizinesi mashoma pasi rose nehunyanzvi uhu. .
Pamusoro pezvo, China ndeimwe yevanogadzira nzimbe nechibage pasi rose.Hazvina kuoma kuwana kuti kubva mukupihwa kwezvirimwa zvakabikwa kune iyo bio-based nylon polymerization tekinoroji kune bio-based naironi firimu kutambanudza tekinoroji, China yakanyarara yakagadzira bio-based naironi maindasitiri cheni nemakwikwi enyika.
Dzimwe nyanzvi dzakataura kuti nekuenderera kuburitswa kwesimba rekugadzira bio-yakavakirwa nylon indasitiri, kufarirwa kwayo uye kushandiswa ingori nyaya yenguva.Zvinogona kusimbisirwa kuti iwo mabhizinesi anotanga marongero uye R&D kudyara kweiyo bio-based naironi indasitiri pamberi achatungamira mukutenderera kutsva kweshanduko yemaindasitiri epasirese uye kukwikwidza, uye zvigadzirwa zvebio-based zvinomiririrwa neiyo bio-based. zvinhu zvenaironi zvichasimukawo kusvika padanho idzva, nekuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma mumhando dzechigadzirwa uye chiyero cheindasitiri, uye zvishoma nezvishoma kubva mukutsvagisa kwesainzi nekusimudzira kuenda kune yakazara maindasitiri chiyero chekushandisa.